如何在Python中解析具有行距的HTML表？
问题内容：
问题
我正在尝试解析其中具有行距的HTML表，例如，我试图解析我的大学时间表。
我遇到的问题是，如果最后一行包含行跨度，则下一行缺少TD，而现在行跨度就是缺少的TD。
我不知道如何解决这个问题，我希望能够解析这个时间表。
我尝试了什么
我几乎能想到的一切。
我得到的结果
[
{
'blok_eind': 4,
'blok_start': 3,
'dag': 4, # Should be 5
'leraar': 'DOODF000',
'lokaal': 'ALK C212',
'vak': 'PROJ-T',
},
]
正如你所看到的，是一个vak具有价值的关键PROJ-T在上面的输出段，dag是4当它应该是5（又名周五/ Vrijdag），如下所示：
我想要的结果
类似于上面发布的Python dict（），但值正确
哪里：
day/dag是1到5之间的整数，代表星期一至星期五block_start/blok_start是一个整数，表示课程开始的时间（时间范围，表格的左侧）block_end/blok_eind是一个整数，表示课程结束于哪个块classroom/lokaal是课程所在的教室代码teacher/leraar是老师的IDcourse/vak是课程的ID
以上数据的基本HTML结构
<center>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<font>
TEACHER-ID
</font>
</td>
<td>
<font>
<b>
CLASSROOM ID
</b>
</font>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<font>
COURSE ID
</font>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</center>
编码
的HTML
<CENTER><font size="3" face="Arial" color="#000000">
<BR></font>
<font size="6" face="Arial" color="#0000FF">
16AO4EIO1B
</font> <font size="4" face="Arial">
IO1B
</font>
<BR>
<TABLE border="3" rules="all" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<TR>
<TD align="center">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial" color="#000000">
Maandag 29-08
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
Dinsdag 30-08
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
Woensdag 31-08
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
Donderdag 01-09
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
Vrijdag 02-09
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>1</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
8:30
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
9:20
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
BLEEJ002
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B021</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
WEBD
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>2</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
9:20
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
10:10
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
BLEEJ002
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B021B</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
WEBD
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>3</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
10:25
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
11:15
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
DOODF000
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK C212</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
PROJ-T
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>4</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
11:15
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
12:05
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
BLEEJ002
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B021B</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
MENT
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>5</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
12:05
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
12:55
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>6</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
12:55
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
13:45
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
JONGJ003
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B008</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
BURG
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>7</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
13:45
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
14:35
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
FLUIP000
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B004</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
ICT algemeen Prakti
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>8</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
14:50
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
15:40
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=4 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
KOOLE000
</font> </TD>
<TD width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
<B>ALK B008</B>
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colspan="2" width="50%" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
NED
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>9</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
15:40
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
16:30
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD align="center" rowspan="2" nowrap=1><font size="3" face="Arial">
<B>10</B>
</font> </TD>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
16:30
</font> </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD align="center" nowrap=1><font size="2" face="Arial">
17:20
</font> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
<TD colspan=12 rowspan=2 align="center" nowrap="1">
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<TABLE cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
<TR>
<TD valign=bottom> <font size="4" face="Arial" color="#0000FF"></TR></TABLE><font size="3" face="Arial">
Periode1 29-08-2016 (35) - 04-09-2016 (35) G r u b e r & P e t t e r s S o f t w a r e
</font></CENTER>
蟒蛇
from pprint import pprint
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
r = requests.get("http://rooster.horizoncollege.nl/rstr/ECO/AMR/400-ECO/Roosters/36"
"/c/c00025.htm")
daytable = {
1: "Maandag",
2: "Dinsdag",
3: "Woensdag",
4: "Donderdag",
5: "Vrijdag"
}
timetable = {
1: ("8:30", "9:20"),
2: ("9:20", "10:10"),
3: ("10:25", "11:15"),
4: ("11:15", "12:05"),
5: ("12:05", "12:55"),
6: ("12:55", "13:45"),
7: ("13:45", "14:35"),
8: ("14:50", "15:40"),
9: ("15:40", "16:30"),
10: ("16:30", "17:20"),
}
page = BeautifulSoup(r.content, "lxml")
roster = []
big_rows = 2
last_row_big = False
# There are 10 blocks, each made up out of 2 TR's, run through them
for block_count in range(2, 22, 2):
# There are 5 days, first column is not data we want
for day in range(2, 7):
dayroster = {
"dag": 0,
"blok_start": 0,
"blok_eind": 0,
"lokaal": "",
"leraar": "",
"vak": ""
}
# This selector provides the classroom
table_bold = page.select(
"html > body > center > table > tr:nth-of-type(" + str(block_count) + ") > td:nth-of-type(" + str(
day) + ") > table > tr > td > font > b")
# This selector provides the teacher's code and the course ID
table = page.select(
"html > body > center > table > tr:nth-of-type(" + str(block_count) + ") > td:nth-of-type(" + str(
day) + ") > table > tr > td > font")
# This gets the rowspan on the current row and column
rowspan = page.select(
"html > body > center > table > tr:nth-of-type(" + str(block_count) + ") > td:nth-of-type(" + str(
day) + ")")
try:
if table or table_bold and rowspan[0].attrs.get("rowspan") == "4":
last_row_big = True
# Setting end of class
dayroster["blok_eind"] = (block_count // 2) + 1
else:
last_row_big = False
# Setting end of class
dayroster["blok_eind"] = (block_count // 2)
except IndexError:
pass
if table_bold:
x = table_bold[0]
# Classroom ID
dayroster["lokaal"] = x.contents[0]
if table:
iter = 0
for x in table:
content = x.contents[0].lstrip("\r\n").rstrip("\r\n")
# Cell has data
if content != "":
# Set start of class
dayroster["blok_start"] = block_count // 2
# Set day of class
dayroster["dag"] = day - 1
if iter == 0:
# Teacher ID
dayroster["leraar"] = content
elif iter == 1:
# Course ID
dayroster["vak"] = content
iter += 1
if table or table_bold:
# Store the data
roster.append(dayroster)
# Remove duplicates
seen = set()
new_l = []
for d in roster:
t = tuple(d.items())
if t not in seen:
seen.add(t)
new_l.append(d)
pprint(new_l)
问题答案：
您必须跟踪上一行的行跨度，每列一个。
您可以简单地将行跨度的整数值复制到字典中，然后随后的行将行跨度值递减，直到它降至1（或者我们可以将整数值减1并降至0以便简化编码）。然后，您可以根据先前的行跨度调整后续的表计数。
您的表格通过使用默认大小2（以2为步长递增）使此复杂化了一点，但是通过除以2可以很容易地将其恢复为可管理的数字。
与其使用大量的CSS选择器，不如选择表行，我们将遍历这些行：
roster = []
rowspans = {} # track rowspanning cells
# every second row in the table
rows = page.select('html > body > center > table > tr')[1:21:2]
for block, row in enumerate(rows, 1):
# take direct child td cells, but skip the first cell:
daycells = row.select('> td')[1:]
rowspan_offset = 0
for daynum, daycell in enumerate(daycells, 1):
# rowspan handling; if there is a rowspan here, adjust to find correct position
daynum += rowspan_offset
while rowspans.get(daynum, 0):
rowspan_offset += 1
rowspans[daynum] -= 1
daynum += 1
# now we have a correct day number for this cell, adjusted for
# rowspanning cells.
# update the rowspan accounting for this cell
rowspan = (int(daycell.get('rowspan', 2)) // 2) - 1
if rowspan:
rowspans[daynum] = rowspan
texts = daycell.select("table > tr > td > font")
if texts:
# class info found
teacher, classroom, course = (c.get_text(strip=True) for c in texts)
roster.append({
'blok_start': block,
'blok_eind': block + rowspan,
'dag': daynum,
'leraar': teacher,
'lokaal': classroom,
'vak': course
})
# days that were skipped at the end due to a rowspan
while daynum < 5:
daynum += 1
if rowspans.get(daynum, 0):
rowspans[daynum] -= 1
这将产生正确的输出：
[{'blok_eind': 2,
'blok_start': 1,
'dag': 5,
'leraar': u'BLEEJ002',
'lokaal': u'ALK B021',
'vak': u'WEBD'},
{'blok_eind': 3,
'blok_start': 2,
'dag': 3,
'leraar': u'BLEEJ002',
'lokaal': u'ALK B021B',
'vak': u'WEBD'},
{'blok_eind': 4,
'blok_start': 3,
'dag': 5,
'leraar': u'DOODF000',
'lokaal': u'ALK C212',
'vak': u'PROJ-T'},
{'blok_eind': 5,
'blok_start': 4,
'dag': 3,
'leraar': u'BLEEJ002',
'lokaal': u'ALK B021B',
'vak': u'MENT'},
{'blok_eind': 7,
'blok_start': 6,
'dag': 5,
'leraar': u'JONGJ003',
'lokaal': u'ALK B008',
'vak': u'BURG'},
{'blok_eind': 8,
'blok_start': 7,
'dag': 3,
'leraar': u'FLUIP000',
'lokaal': u'ALK B004',
'vak': u'ICT algemeen Prakti'},
{'blok_eind': 9,
'blok_start': 8,
'dag': 5,
'leraar': u'KOOLE000',
'lokaal': u'ALK B008',
'vak': u'NED'}]
而且，即使课程跨越 两个以上的块 或仅一个块，此代码也将继续起作用。支持任何行跨大小。
